MeeGo is a Linux-based open source mobile operating system project. Primarily targeted at mobile devices and information appliances in the consumer electronics market, MeeGo is designed to act as an operating system for hardware platforms such as netbooks, entry-level desktops, nettops, tablet computers, mobile computing and communications devices, in-vehicle infotainment devices, SmartTV / ConnectedTV, IPTV-boxes, smart phones, and other embedded systems. MeeGo is today hosted by the Linux Foundation.
It was first announced at Mobile World Congress in February 2010 by Intel and Nokia in a joint press conference. The stated aim is to merge the efforts of Intel's Moblin and Nokia's Maemo former projects into one new common project. According to Intel, MeeGo was developed because Microsoft did not offer comprehensive Windows 7 support for the Atom processor.Aminocom and Novell also play a large part in the MeeGo effort, working with the Linux Foundation on their build infrastructure and official MeeGo products. Amino was responsible for extending MeeGo to TV deviceswhile Novell is increasingly introducing technology that was originally developed for openSUSE, (including openSUSE Build Service, ZYpp for package management, and other system management tools). In November 2010, AMD also joined the alliance of companies that are actively developing MeeGo.
Harmattan, originally slated to become Maemo 6, is now considered to be a MeeGo instance (though not a MeeGo product), and Nokia is giving up the Maemo branding for Harmattan and beyond (Maemo 5, aka Fremantle, and previous versions will still be referred to as Maemo).
On 27 September 2011 it was announced by the Linux Foundation that MeeGo will be replaced by Tizen during 2012. Tizen will be an open source Linux-based operating-system which itself will be released during the first quarter of 2012. Intel and Samsung, in collaboration with the LiMo Foundation and assisting MeeGo developers, are involved in the development of this new software platform, with Tizen's software frameworks for third-party developers being primarily based on HTML5 and other web standards.
Overview
MeeGo is intended to run on a variety of hardware platforms including handhelds, in-car devices, netbooks and televisions. All platforms share the MeeGo core, with different “User Experience” (“UX”) layers for each type of device.
System requirements
MeeGo provides support for both ARM and Intel x86 processors with SSSE3 enabled and uses btrfs as the default file system.
User interfaces
Screenshot of MeeGo’s Netbook UX
Within the MeeGo project there are several graphical user interfaces – internally called User Experiences (“UX”).
Netbook
The Netbook UX is a continuation of the Moblin interface. It is written using the Clutter-based Mx toolkit, and uses the Mutter window manager.
MeeGo‟s netbook version uses several Linux applications in the background, such as Evolution (Email, calendar), Empathy (instant messaging), Gwibber (microblogging), Chromium (web browser), and Banshee (multimedia player), all integrated into the graphical user interface.
Handset
Handset UX from MeeGo 1.1 “Day 1”
The Handset UX is based on Qt, but GTK+ and Clutter will be included to provide compatibility for Moblin applicationsTo support the hundreds of Hildon-based Maemo applications, users have to install the Hildon library ported by the maemo.org community. Depending on the device, applications will be provided from either the Intel AppUp or the Nokia Ovi digital software distribution systems.
The MeeGo Handset UX‟s “Day 1” prerelease was on June 30, 2010. The preview was initially available for the Aava Mobile Intel Moorestown platform, and a „kickstart‟ file provided for developers to build an image for the Nokia N900.
Tablet
MeeGo’s Tablet UX as a pre-alpha version
Intel demonstrated the Tablet UX on a Moorestown-based tablet PC at COMPUTEX Taipei in early June 2010.
Since then, some information appeared on MeeGo website indicating there will be a Tablet UX part of the MeeGo project, but it is not known if this UX will be the one demonstrated by Intel. This Tablet UX will be fully open source like the rest of the MeeGo project and will be coded with Qt and the MeeGo Touch Framework. Intel has revealed interest in combining Qt with Wayland display server instead of the often seen Qt/X11 combination in MeeGo Touch in order to utilize the latest graphics technologies supported by Linux kernel, which should improve user experiences and reduce system complexity.
Minimum hardware requirements are currently unknown.
The WeTab runs MeeGo with a custom user interface and has been available since September 2010
In-Vehicle Infotainment
MeeGo’s IVI UX as shipped with MeeGo 1.1
The GENIVI Alliance, a consortium of several car makers and their industry partners, uses Moblin with Qt as base for its 'GENIVI 1.0 Reference Platform' for In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI) and automotive navigation system as a uniformed mobile computing platform. Graham Smethurst of GENIVI Alliance and BMW Group announced in April 2010 the switch from Moblin to MeeGo.
Licenses
As of July 2010, the access rights for the MeeGo framework and over 90% of the source code are under the GNU General Public License (GPLv3 & GPLv2).
MeeGo is a complex project that involves many vendors and organizations. Its license policy is mainly documented at the “MeeGo License Policy” page. Consider the nature of MeeGo‟s targeting markets – the mobile and handset sectors – which, unlike the desktop software market that tends to adopt one or two major software vendors‟ operating systems, is highly diversified and hence differentiation is taken as of vital importance by both device makers and software vendors[citation needed]. Therefore MeeGo‟s license policy is, at one hand, trying to encourage the fostering of derivative work while at the same time, keep the project as open as possible.[citation needed]
From the distribution point of view, MeeGo is a collection of open source software, which are distributed conforming to their respective licenses.
From the development point of view, which mainly addresses the way of adopting software from the free software community on account of license, MeeGo software can be classified into two categories: the Operating System (OS) software and User Experience (UX) software. The OS software should[clarification needed] mainly[quantify] be using a copyleft license to ensure the openness of the underlying system, while the UX software could be of BSD-style licenses, which do not mandate code modifications to be open sourced.
The licenses of MeeGo developed technologies, such as fast-boot, power and speed optimizations are of interest to derivative products and projects. Those technologies spread
among the system and can‟t be easily isolated out. For example, the fast-boot technology consists mainly of the fast and small Syslinux bootloader, a new system service and software launcher called "uxlaunch", the optimized read-ahead component, little tweaking and tuning among many software services. The license policy is that these changes should follow the base work‟s license upon which they are made, that is to say, the corresponding upstream project‟s license policy. For example, MeeGo‟s work on the Linux kernel is available under the license of the Linux kernel.
Technical foundations
Core OS
The MeeGo Core operating system is a Linux distribution, drawing on Nokia‟s Debian-based Maemo and Intel‟s Fedora-based Moblin. MeeGo is one of the first Linux distributions to use the Btrfs file system as default, and uses RPM repositories.
Architecture
Software development
The officially endorsed way to develop MeeGo applications is to use the Qt framework and Qt Creator as development environment, but writing GTK applications is also supported.
openSUSE‟s Build Service is used to compile the applications.
Derivatives
As with Moblin before, MeeGo also serves as a technology pool that software vendors can access to build their products from. So far only ports of the graphical user interfaces to other Linux distributions have been announced.
MeeGo/Harmattan
Even though MeeGo was initiated as collaboration between Nokia and Intel, the collaboration was formed when Nokia was already developing the next incarnation of its Maemo Linux distribution. As a result, the Maemo 6 base operating system will be kept intact while the Handset UX will be shared, with the name changed to “MeeGo/Harmattan”.
On June 21st 2011, Nokia announced its first MeeGo/Harmattan smartphone device, Nokia N9.
SUSE and Smeegol Linux
On June 1st, 2010, Novell announced that they would ship a SUSE Linux incarnation with MeeGo‟s Netbook UX (MeeGo User Experience) graphical user interface.
A MeeGo-based Linux distribution with this user interface is already available from openSUSE's Goblin Team under the name Smeegol Linux, this project combines MeeGo with openSUSE to get a new netbook-designed Linux distribution. What makes Smeegol Linux unique when compared to the upstream MeeGo or openSUSE is that this distribution is at its core based on openSUSE but has the MeeGo User Experience as well as a few other changes such as adding the Mono-based Banshee media player, NetworkManager-powered network configuration, a newer version of Evolution Express, and more. Any end-users can also build their own customized Smeegol Linux OS using SUSE Studio.
Fedora
Fedora 14 contains a selection of software from the MeeGo project.
Linpus
Linpus Technologies is working on bringing their services on top of MeeGo Netbook and MeeGo Tablet.
Splashtop
The latest version of the instant-on OS Splashtop-platform (by Splashtop Inc. which was previously named DeviceVM Inc.) is compliant with MeeGo, and future version of Splashtop will be based on MeeGo and will be available for commercial use in the first half of 2011.
MR. APISIT YHIMYUNGMAN
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